11/21/2023 0 Comments A negative blood type rare![]() ![]() found 6 a higher risk of COVID-19 among A and a lower risk among O blood types. Similarly, using a meta-analysis of data from Italy and Spain, Ellinghaus et al. found a greater proportion of A and a lower proportion of O blood types among COVID-19 patients, relative to the general populations of Wuhan and Shenzhen 5. Using data from Wuhan and Shenzhen, Zhao et al. Recent work has demonstrated an association between ABO blood types and COVID-19 risk. A number of risk factors for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality are known, including age, sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and chronic cardiovascular and respiratory diseases 3, 4. ![]() As of August 22, New York City has recorded 228,144 confirmed infections and 19,014 deaths 2. Within the United States, New York suffered among the worst outbreaks during the early phases of the pandemic. "This is sometimes unavoidable on days when there is more donor blood than what is required.The novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus) has spread rapidly across the globe and has caused over 21.1 million confirmed infections and over 761,000 deaths worldwide as of Aug1. Prof Tan noted that expired blood, unfortunately, has to be thrown away. Taking supplements and stopping blood-thinning medication before surgery are some ways to help to reduce patients' need for transfusions. as blood transfusion carries risks," Prof Tan added. "We try to minimise the use of blood products in surgical procedures. If the blood in the refrigerator remains untouched after an operation, it will be transported back to HSA to be crossmatched to other patients. "If the blood product is out of the refrigerator for too long, it cannot be returned and thus has to be discarded," he explained. Medical institutions such as those under the SingHealth group, which includes National Heart Centre Singapore (NHCS), also have a committee overseeing blood transfusion.Īssistant Professor Tan Teing Ee, director of NHCS' cardiothoracic surgery intensive care unit, added that blood transported to the operating theatre is kept in fridges there and "will not be taken out unless it is meant to be used". "To minimise wastage, blood is issued only when the patient is in the operating theatre and needs blood." Singapore General Hospital, for instance, has a guideline on the number of blood units required for each specific procedure, said Associate Professor Tien Sim Leng, who heads the hospital's blood bank. They do not have to give a reason for making such a request.Īt hospitals, there are measures to ensure blood products are used properly and wastage is minimised. Some reasons for rejection include a positive result for an infection or that the plasma was too fatty.ĭonors can also ask the HSA to retract their blood through a 24-hour call line. ![]() The rejection rate is low - less than 3 per cent to 4 per cent of all donated blood components. Blood that is unsuitable for use will be disposed of properly. Only blood that gets the all-clear after laboratory tests are stored, said HSA. Plasma is quick-frozen and refrigerated at -35 deg C for up to a year. Ms Lam explained that platelets need to be "agitated" constantly, or they would clump up. Platelets are kept at 20 deg C to 24 deg C in large incubators with trays that gently rock back and forth, for up to five days. Otherwise, red cells are kept at 1 deg C to 6 deg C in fridges or cold rooms. This way, the red cells' shelf life can be extended from the usual 42 days to 10 years, said Ms Sally Lam, laboratory director of blood supply management at HSA, which runs the national blood service. To keep some of these for a rainy day, the Health Sciences Authority's (HSA) blood services group deep-freezes the red cells of rare blood types at -80 deg C. In general, donors with negative blood types are rare, forming only 1.5 per cent of the total pool in 2016. For every 1,000 people who give blood in Singapore, only one person carries the AB negative blood type (0.1 per cent). Every drop of blood is precious, but they are not quite equal. ![]()
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